Oil filter



Sept. l, gl.

40 to the filter roll.

Patented Sept. l, 1931 :NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HARVEY E. TYLER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO STEWART-WARNER CORPO- RATION, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF VIRGINIA oIL FILTER Application filed February 7, 1929. Serial No. 338,103.

io in the claims.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a top plan view of the construction embodying this invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical section at the line 2-2 on Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a side elevation of the same.

Figure 4 is a section at the line 4 4 on Figure 2 on a reduced scale.

Figure 5 is a section at the line 5-'-5 on 9,0 Figure 2.

Figure 6 is a portion of the section shown in Figure 2 on an enlarged scale.

The structure will first be described in general for indicating its mode of operation.

It comprises a cylindrical casing, A, having a removable top cap member, B, and a permanently secured bottom cap, C. Within the casing and adapted to be inserted into it when the top cap is removed, is contained :i0 the filter member which consists of an annular roll, D, of filtering fabric adapted to be unwound from the inner end for removing a contaminated layer, and a carrier for said roll consisting of upper and lower heads, 10 and 20, between which the roll is embraced cndwise, said heads having inturned marginal flanges Ifor engaging the roll ends, and a spindle, 12, mounted in the heads and extending axially with respect Said carrier is mounted non-rotatably in the' casing and the spindle is mounted rotatably in the carrier heads and adapted tohave the inner end of the filter roll clipped to it so that by rotation f5 of the spindle, the filtering web is wound from the inside of the roll onto the spindle for removing the contaminated layer. The spindle has a `stem-extending through the upper cap for manual operation to thus 511 wind the contaminated fabric from the roll onto the spindle. The lower' cap, C, has a central aperture, 13, for connection o f a lubricant inlet fitting, 14, said cap having an annular depression around the margin of said aperture, as seen at 15, in which depression on the bottom thereof, there is seated an upwardly open cup member, 16, which is higher than the depth of said depression so that it protrudes 'up into the casing chamber a substantial distance; and it has in its bottom an aperture registeringwith the aperture, 15, for connection of the fitting, 14, which thus discharges directly within the cup member.

The lower head, 20, of the filter roll carrier has a downstruck hollow boss, 21, dimensioned for seating in the upper end of the cup member, 16, which is slightly tapered to ensure snug fit andffor centering the filter roll carrier in the casing. There is thus formed between the bottom of the cap, C, and the lower head, 20, of the filter,

roll carrier and around the cup member, 16, an annular chamber 22 communicating with a lubricant outlet fitting, 11, which is mounted in the bottom cap, C, near the circumference thereof. The cup member, 16, has a lateral port, 18, controlled by a valve, 19, seating exteriorly of the cup and held to its seat by a stretched spring, 23, secured by one end to the inner end of the valve stem and extending across the cup, and secured at the other end to the opposite side wallv of the he downstruck hollow boss, 21, has a central aperture for communication from the cup, 16, to the cavity of the filter roll, said communication being afforded through a disk, 25, which serves, as hereinafter described, for securing the lower end of the Winding spindle, 12, to the lower` head, 20, of the filter roll.

Upon consideration of this structure it `may be understood that the lubricant being delivered from the circulating means, by way of the' inlet fitting, 14, passes normally up through the cup, 16, into the central cavity of the filtering roll, and under the pressure by which it is supplied, is forced through the filtering roll, and in the annular space between the filtering roll and the casing, A, passes down into the chamber formed between the lower cap, C, of the casing and the lower head, 20, of the filtering roll.

The lubricant then passes by way of the outlet fitting 11, either back to a lubricantaccumulating chamber or to the bearings to be lubricated. The circulation will continue in this manner until the inner layer of the filtering fabric constituting the filter roll, D, becomes clogged with the contamination .filtered out from the lubricant, so that the pressure by which the lubricant is fed to the filter is inadequate to force the lubricant through the filtering element; and when .from this cause the pressure exceeds the resistance afforded'by the spring, 23, to the opening of the valve, 18, that valve will be forced open and the lubricant instead of passing up into the cavity of the filtering roll, passes by way of the chamber, 16, directly to the outlet'itting, 11, entirely bypassing the filtering element of the structure, and so continuing until the operator observ1ng,-by means which may be provlded, not shown,-the cessation of flow through the lter, operates the winding .spindle by means of the exterior operating handle to wind onto the spindle from the interior of the roll the'contaminated layer of the latter, exposing a fresh layer to the contaminated lubricant which occupies the cavity o f the roll; whereupon the passage of the lubricant through the filter roll will be resumed, and the fiow past the valve, 19, will cease until the newly exposed layer of the filtering fabric becomes whereupon the check valve, 19, will again gpten, permitting` the lubricant to by-pass the The detail construction of the apparatus is particularly designed to facilitate the assembling of the several parts of the structure which are to be inserted as a unit into the casing, A; and to ensure their retention as assembled while being thus introduced into the casing, and after the cap, is applied for closing the casing and putting the apparatus in condition for operation. This construction will now be described in'detail.

The winding spindle., 12, is a flat bar adapted by itsk formin that respect for convenlently engaging with it the inner end of the fabric web by means of any convenient form of spring clip such as the annular clips, 12a, shown. This winding spindle is arranged to serve for holding together the upper and lower heads, 10 and 20, of the roll carrier, and for that purpose it is attached, in a manner designed to be permanent, to the lower head, 20. .This attachment is effected by means of a circular disk,

\-25, and anannular disk, 26, between which the margin of the central aperture, 21a, in the bottom of the downstruckboss, 21, is

contaminated,

engaged, the annular disk having its central aperture of less diameter than the width of the flat spindle, 12, at its lower end, and the circular disk, 25, having an upstruck central boss, 25, dimensioned for fitting rotatably in and protruding upwardly from said aperture, 21, as much as the thickness of the annular disk, 26, projecting from between downwardly abutting shoulders, 12d. The flat spindle, 12, has at its lower end lugs, 12b, engaging apertures in the upstuck boss, 25a, of the disk, 25, and staked over on the under side thereof for securing the disk to the spindle, and the disk, 25, having at opposite sides of the position of the fiat spindle when the latter is engaged by said lugs with the disk, apertures, 25e, 25C, within the area of the central aperture, 21, of the boss, 21.

This construction permits the spindle to be .rotated freely at its engagement with vthe lower head, 20, to which nevertheless it is securely attached for holding the lower head up in engagement with the lower end of the filter roll when the spindle itself is secured at its upper end to the upper head, 10.

The securement of the spindle to said upper head is effected as follows The upper head, 10, has a centrally upstruck boss, 10, having a central circular aperture, 10", less in diameter than the Width of the winding spindle, 12; and there is provided for seating in said circular aperture a dished washer, 32, which, as shown, is hemispherical in form, of substantially greater diameter than the aperture, said dished washer having a slot, 32, of width to accommodate the reduced upper end portion, 12C, of the winding spindle, 12. The reduction of the spindle width at its upper end portion forms an upwardly facing shoulder,12d,and there is provided a coil spring, 33, encompassing the reduced end portion of the spindle and applied thereon before the'upper head, 10, is intro duced in place, said spring reacting thus between said shoulder and the head against which its upper end is seated at the margin of the circular aperture, 101. The parts being assembled in the order mentioned, that is, the spring being introduced over the reduced end of the spindle, and the cap then applied to the upper end of the filter roll, followed by the dished washer, 32, the head. 10, will be forced on against thereaction of the spring 33, to effect perfect engagement of the head by its peripheral fiange with the up )er end of the filter roll, while the lower en of the latter is similarly engaged within the fiange of the lower head, 20. 1t may be consideredv commercially desirable to cause the parts to be in any manner permanently secured when thus assembled with the filter roll in place, with a view to preventing a non-expert user from undertaking to remove a contaminated roll and replace it with a fresh roll, the preferred method being to furnish to users the filter unit completely assembled consisting of the filter roll and the carrier consisting of the heads and connecting spindle; and with a view to this method, when the parts have been assembled as described, the dished washer, 32, will be soldered to the spindle, 12. But it may be preferred in some instances to adapt theconstruction for removal and replacement of the filter roll by the user; and in such cases when the parts have been assembled, as described, they will be secured for adapting the entii'e unit to be handled conveniently in replacing it in and removing it from the casing by a cotter pin, 35, inserted through an aperture shown at 36 in the upper reduced end portion of the winding spindle at a point `wheie the cotter pin will extend across the top of the dished washer and thereby hold the parts together suitably assembled as described. i

The casing, A, has its upper end provided with a right angularly flanged terminal ring, a, and the cap, B, is formed quite flatly frusto-conical with a marginal portion perfectly flat for seating upon the horizontal flange of the terminal ring, a, of the casing to which the cap is secured by screws, 38. For rotating the winding spindle, 12, from the exterior to wind the filter fabric onto it from the inner side of the roll, the cap, B, is furnished at its center with a fitting, B1, axially bored and exteriorly threaded at its upper end for a stuffing box, 39, and counterbored at the lower end, as seen at 40, to accommodate a coil spring, 50. Andl there is provided a winding key, 51, having at its lower end a head, 54, which is transversely slotted for engaging the upper end of the fiat winding spindle, 12, which protrudes above the dished washer, 32, a sufiicient distance for engagementv with the slot of vthe winding key.

The stem of said winding key is reduced in diameter from that of the head, forming an upwardly facing shoulder between which and the shoulder formed in the fitting, 39, by the counterbore mentioned, the spring, 50, reacts for thrusting the key downwardly for engagement of its slotted head with the upper end of the winding spindle, 12. The stem of the winding key protiudes above the stuffing box and is arranged for securement thereto 1n any convenient manner of a knob, 51.

Upon considering this construction it may be seen that the winding spindle serves for holding the opposite heads of the roll carrier together in`positi0n for engaging the filter roll between them, and that the entire unit consisting of the carrier heads and spindle and filter roll therein may be readily handled for inserting .into and removing from the casing, by means of the dished washer,

32, which conveniently serves as a knob for holding the unit in thus introducing and removing it; and that when this unit is thus introduced into the casing, the cap, l5, having permanently mounted in it, as described, the winding key, may be applied to the casing, taking pains to engage the slotted head of the winding key with the upper end of' the winding` spindle; and that when thus applied and secured by the screws, 38, the casing is rendered liquid-tight except as to the inlet and outlet fittings provided for the proper operation of the structure as described, leakage at the upper end past the winding key being prevented by the stufiing box and suitable packing gaskets being interposed between the cap and the fianged terminal ofthe casing.

I claim:

1. A construction for the purpose indicated comprising a casing having positioned centrally at the bottom an upwardly open cup member protruding upwardly in the casing cavity, an inlet connection to the casing leading in through the bottom of the casing and the bottom of said cup member, the casing having an outlet connection leading from the annular space of the casing cavity around said cup member; a filtering unit comprising a filter roll and heads between whicli it is held mounted in the casing having a central cavity for receiving the liquid to be filtered, and an aperture in the lower head for access to said cavity of the liquid to be filtered, said filtering unit being for affording said access, lodged on the upper open end of the cup member, the casing having a removable upper end closure,

and means associated therewith for holding the filtering unit securely lodged on the cup member when the upper closure member is 1n case-closing position.

2. A lubricant filtering device comprising in combination with a casing having at the lower part an inlet adapted for connection with a source of lubricant to be filtered, and a lubricant outlet, a filtering unit arranged to receive interiorly of said unit the lubricant to be filtered and to deliver it exteriorly of the unit, the casing having at the bottom an upwardly open cup-shaped member encompassing the lubricant inlet, and the lower head of the filtering unit having a downwardly protruding boss adapted to seat liquid-tight in the upper' end of said cup member, and aprtured for liquid communication from the cup member into the cavity of the filtering unit, said cup meni-` ber having a lateral port of communication with the cavity of' the easing below the filtering unit; a valve controlling said port opening outwardly from the cup cavity, and spring means holding the valve normally seated against the lubricant pressure tend,-l

ing to open it, and adapted to thus hold the Avalve to a predetermined degree of said pressure; whereby the lubricant is caused to pass through the cup member into the cavity of the filtering unit only until the pressure due to resistance to its passage by the contamination of the filter fabric reaches said predetermined degree.

3. In a construction for the purpose indicated, a filtering unit comprising an annular roll of filtering fabric and a carrier for the same comprising upper and lower heads between which the roll is embraced endwise, and a spindle mounted on said heads and extending axially through the roll, the lower head having a central downwardly protruding centrally apertured boss, the spindle having at its lower end a terminal disk of greater diameter than said central aperture and adapted to be engaged with themargin of'said aperture at the under-side of th'e boss, said disk being apertured laterally with respect to the engaged end of the spindle within the area of the central aperture of said boss for passage of lubricant into the cavity of the filtering unit, and an annular stop disk dimensioned as to its outer diameter for engaging above the margin of said central aperture and being stopped above by an abutment of the spindle andspaced from the first mentioned disk for accommodating freely between the two disks the margin of said aperture, whereby the spindle is held to the lower head against longitudinal disengagement, and free at said engagement for rotation.

4. A lubricant filtering device comprising a casing having at its lower part an inlet adapted for connection with a source of lubricant to be filtered, and a lubricant outlet, a filter fabric carrier consisting of upper and lower heads adapted for engaging opposite ends of an annular roll of filter fabric, and aniaxial winding"`spindle adapted for holding the inner end -of the filter fabric web for winding the same thereabout and unwinding from the inside of the annular roll, the lower head having a centrally positioned hollow hub by which the roll is stepped on the bottom of the casing encompassing the inlet of the latter, the casing having at the bottom a central upwardly open pocket whose upper margin affords lodgement for said hub, said pocket having a lateral aperture and` a yieldingly seating outwardly opening valve thereatv adapted to open for lubricant outflow toward the lubricant outlet of the casing, the winding spindle being rotatively stepped in the lower head and extending liquid ytight through the upper head,

a connection from the spindle extending through the tp of the casing, and means at its protruding end for manually rotating it to wind the filtering fabric on the spindle from the interior of the roll, and a spring .obstructing to a predetermined degree the passage of the liquid through it.

5. A construction for the purpose indicated comprising in combination with a casing a filtering unit comprising an annular filtering element, upper and lower heads between which said annular element is embraced endwise, and an axially positioned spindle arranged for rotation to remove .a contaminated layer from the inside of the annular filtering element; means for circulating the liquid to be filtered to the interior of the filtering unit and from the exterior thereof to the casing cavity, said means comprising` a central downwardly projecting hollow, boss with which the lower head of the filtering unit is provided apertured for` entrance of the liquid to the interior of said unit; an' upwardly open cup member at the bottom of the casing in whose open upper end said hollow boss is seated liquid-tight, the casing having a lubricant inlet leading into said cup member, and a lubricant outlet leading from the lower part of the casing outside of the cup member, the spindle 4being centered with respect to the casing and the annular filtering element by protruding into `the hollow boss of the lower head, said boss having an interior annular shoulder encompassing the a erture in the boss forming a step bearing or the spindle, a disk carried by the spindle at its lower end dimensioned for fitting rotatively in the hollow boss and stopping on said shoulder.

6. A construction for the purpose indicated comprising in combination with a casing a filtering unit comprising an annular filtering element, upper and lower heads between which said annular element is embraced endwise, and an axially positioned spindle arranged for rotation to remove a contaminated layer from the inside of the annular filtering element; means for circulating the liquid to be filtered to the interior of the filtering unit and from the exterior thereof to the casing cavity, said means comprising a central downwardly projecting hollow boss with which the lower head of the filtering unit is provided apertured for entrance of the liquid to the interior of said unit; an upwardly open cup member at the bottom of the casing in whose open upper end said hollow boss is seated liquid-tight, the casing having a lubricant inlet leading into said cup member, and a lubricant outlet leading from the lower part of the casing outside of the cup member, the spindle having at its lower end portion a circular disk dimensloned in excess of the cross section of the spindle for entering the hollow boss of the lower .head of the filtering unit, said boss having an interior shoulder for stopping said disk, the disk being apertured outside the area defined by the cross section of the spindle for passage of liquid into the interior of the filtering roll.

7. A construction for the purpose indicated comprising in combination with a casing a filtering unit comprising an annular filtering element, upper and lower heads between which said annular element is embraced endwise, and an axially positioned spindle arranged for rotation to remove a contaminated layer from the inside of the annular filtering element; means for circulating the li uid to be ltered to the interior of the ltering unit and from the eX- terior thereof to the casing cavity, said means comprising a central downwardly projecting hollow boss with which the lower head of the filtering unit is provided apertured for entrance of the liquid to the interior of said unit; an upwardly open cup member at the bottom of the casing in whose open upper end said hollow boss is seated liquid-tight, the casing having a lubricant inlet leading into said cup member, and a lubricant outlet leading from the lower part of the casing outside of the cup lnember, the spindle being centered with respect to the casing and the filtering rollby protruding into the hollow boss of the lower head, said boss having an interior annular shoulder about its central aperture forming a -step bearing for the spindle, the spindle having a disk apertured for passage of the lubricant into the interior of the filtering unit, and diametrically dimensioned for stopping on said shoulder outwardly from the lubricant aperture.

8. In a structure for the purpose indicated in combination with a casing, a iltering unit comprising an annular filtering member and upper and lower heads' between which it is embraced endwise; a spindle extending through the annular member and engaged with the lower head for holding it to the annular member, the upper head having an upwardly protruding hollow boss .with a circular aperture, the upper end portion of the spindle protruding through said aperture and being reduced in transverse dimension to form below the same an upwardly facing shoulder, a dished washer secured to the spindle above the boss and seated in the circulary aperture thereof, and a spring coiled around the reduced portion of the spindle reacting between said shoulder and the dished washer.

9. In the construction defined in claim 8, the casing having in the lower part a support on which the filtering unit is stepped and having an upper removable cap for closthe upper end of the spindle for rotating the latter, the key and spindle being relatively positioned in the cap and casing body respectively, and relatively formed at their mutually engaging ends for encounter and engagement in the application of the cap to the casing body.

10. In the construction defined in claim 8, the casing having in the lower part a support on which the filtering unit is stepped and having an upper removable cap for closing the same, an exteriorly protruding manually operable key journalled in the cap having its inner end adapted to engage the upper end of the spindle for rotating the latter, the key and spindle being relatively positioned in the cap and casing body respectively and relatively formed at their mutually engaging ends for encounter and engagement in the application of the cap to the casing body, and a spring coiled about the key and reacting longitudinally thereof between the key and the cap for stressing the key longitudinally into engagement with the spindle; whereby the filtering unit is yieldingly stressed on its stepped support in the casing.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand-at Chicago, Illinois, this 4th day of February, 1929.

HARVEY E. TYLER. 

